Racial Discrimination

Racial Discrimination

Author : Ruqaiyah Rashid, student of Sultan-Ul-Uloom College of Law.

INTRODUCTION :

                               Racial Discrimination has been a serious issue since ancient times. It is an unfair treatment of individuals based on their race or ethnicity. It involves actions of behaviors that harm people because of their racial background such as cast, color, religion, lower class etc. It gives unequal opportunities to those who belong to racial background. Racial Discrimination is not only a threat to the society but also a threat to every individuals mental health. It is a serious problem globally. It is important for us to continue working towards a more inclusive and equal society.

 

• Types of Racial Discrimination : 

1. Colorism : 

                     It refers to the discrimination based on the darkness or lightness of one’s skin. It can lead to unfair treatment stereotypes and biases based on perceived differences in skin color. 

2. Educational discrimination :

It refers to unfair treatment or unequal opportunities in education based on factors like race, socio-economic status, gender etc. This is an issue which needs to be addressed to ensure equal access to education for all.

3. Individual Racism :

Individual racism refers to the attitude or action towards individuals based on race, religion, culture or gender.

4. Employment discrimination : 

It refers to unequal opportunities and unfair treatment at work place. Racial bias affect promotions, hiring etc. It is a serious issue which needs to be stopped. As every individual deserves equal opportunities, equal respect and fair treatment.

5. Media stereotyping :

Media stereotyping typically refers to the racial stereotypes. It is portrayal of certain individuals or groups based on biased assumptions. It is important to challenge these stereotypes to promote inclusivity.

• How to combat Racial Discrimination globally? :

                                                                                   Education plays a crucial role in shaping an individual’s mindset and personality. It provides knowledge and promotes understanding and acceptance. One way to combat racial discrimination globally is through education and awareness. Promoting understanding and respect for different cultures and background can help to combat racial stereotypes. 

• Article 15 : 

                  Article 15 of the Indian constitution prohibits discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth. It ensures equality before the law and prohibits any form of discrimination in public places and educational institutions. 

• Case laws : 

Indra Sawhney Vs Union of India (1992) : 

1. It is a landmark case in India that dealt with the issue of reservation in government jobs and educational institutions. The supreme court held that reservations should not exceed 50% and that the creamy layer should be excluded from the reservation benefits. This case has had a significant impact on the implementation of reservation policies in India.

2. State of Madras Vs Champakam Dorairajan (1951) : 

This case challenged the reservation system in educational institutions in the state of Madras. The supreme court’s ruling emphasized the importance of equality and non- discrimination contributing to debates about affirmative action in India.

3. Navtej Singh Johar Vs Union of India (2018) :

It is a significant case in India that dealt with the discriminalization of consensual same sex relationships. The supreme court of India, in this landmark judgement struck down section 377 of the IPC, which criminalized homosexuality. This decision upheld the rights of LGBTQ+ individuals and was a major step towards inclusivity and equality in India. 

• Conclusion : 

Racial Discrimination is a deeply concerning problem that we must tackle head on. It is crucial to foster a society that values diversity and treats everyone fairly regardless of their race or ethnicity by promoting inclusivity and understanding, we can strive towards a world where racial discrimination is eradicated. Together let’s stand against discrimination and create a harmonious society.