Russia-Ukraine war – Havoc on Health and Human Rights

Russia-Ukraine war – Havoc on Health and Human Rights

Author:- Priyanka Dhupiya of Bihar Institute of Law, Patna

Abstract:

The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has resulted in widespread devastation, creating adverse consequences on health and impinging upon fundamental human rights within the region. This research article examines the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on the health sector, identifies its ramifications on human rights, and explores recent developments, relevant case law, and scholarly literature that strive to address and mitigate the challenges faced. The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has caused immense suffering, not only in terms of loss of lives and destruction of infrastructure but also in its devastating impact on the health and human rights of the affected populations. In this article, we will delve into the alarming consequences of the war on the well-being of individuals and the violation of their basic human rights. The analysis reveals the urgent need for international collaboration to protect the rights and well-being of affected populations, ensuring access to healthcare and safeguarding human rights during times of armed conflict.

Keywords: Russia-Ukraine war, health sector, human rights, conflict, international law, humanitarian crisis, healthcare access.

Introduction: 

The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has unleashed devastating consequences, not only on the political and economic fronts but also on the health and human rights of the affected populations. The war has brought about significant disruptions to the healthcare system, resulting in a desperate situation for many vulnerable individuals.

Impact of this war:

One of the most immediate and severe impacts of the war on health is the scarcity of medical supplies and services. Hospitals and clinics in conflict zones have been rendered inaccessible or destroyed, leaving the local population at the mercy of their injuries and ailments. The lack of resources, equipment, and medical professionals has led to a rapid decline in healthcare quality and availability. As a result, people with chronic illnesses, such as diabetes or heart disease, are struggling to access necessary medications and treatments, leading to worsening conditions and even preventable deaths.

Furthermore, the displacement of people caused by the war has created an additional healthcare crisis. Internally displaced persons (IDPs) often find themselves in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions, which increase the risk of infectious diseases like tuberculosis, hepatitis, and respiratory infections. Lack of access to clean water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities further exacerbates the likelihood of disease outbreaks. The volatile situation also makes it difficult for humanitarian organizations to deliver essential medical aid, leaving many IDPs without adequate healthcare.

The Paralyzing Effect on Healthcare Systems: 

Destruction of Medical Facilities: The war has led to the destruction of numerous medical facilities, leaving communities without access to essential healthcare services. Hospitals and clinics have been targeted, making it difficult for people to receive critical medical attention during emergencies. This widespread destruction has created a significant healthcare crisis, exacerbating the suffering of innocent civilians caught in the crossfire.

Shortage of Medical Supplies:As a result of the hostilities, the availability of medical supplies has been severely impacted. The disruption of supply chains and the limited access to essential medications and medical equipment have jeopardized the health and well-being of countless individuals. The lack of proper medical resources has made it challenging for healthcare professionals to provide adequate care, further worsening the health crisis in the region.

Mental Health Crisis: The constant fear, violence, and displacement caused by the war have taken a toll on the mental health of those affected. The trauma and stress experienced by individuals in conflict zones have led to alarming rates of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Unfortunately, the already strained healthcare systems are ill-equipped to address this growing mental health crisis adequately.

Effect of This War:

The war has also had a detrimental effect on mental health. The constant fear and stress associated with armed conflict have profoundly impacted the well-being of both adults and children. PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder), anxiety, and depression rates have skyrocketed among those living in conflict zones. The limited availability of mental health services exacerbates the problem, as individuals are unable to seek the necessary support to cope with their psychological trauma.

The violation of human rights during this war is also a matter of concern. Civilians, including women, children, and the elderly, have become targets of violence and abuse. Reports of extrajudicial killings, forced disappearances, and torture have emerged. The war has also resulted in the arbitrary detention of individuals, denial of access to basic necessities such as food and healthcare, and restrictions on freedom of speech and movement.

The impact of the war on health and human rights cannot be dismissed. It is crucial for the international community and humanitarian organizations to prioritize the provision of medical aid to those affected by the conflict. This aid should encompass not only immediate healthcare needs but also mental health support and the promotion of human rights.

The Russia-Ukraine war has resulted in the displacement of millions of people, forcing them to leave their homes and seek refuge elsewhere. This mass displacement has not only disrupted lives but also violated the fundamental human rights of individuals. Displaced populations often face inadequate living conditions, lack of access to clean water, sanitation, and other basic necessities, leaving them vulnerable to disease and exploitation. 

The conflict has caused a significant loss of life, including civilians, military personnel, and children. The indiscriminate use of weapons, attacks on civilian areas, and the presence of landmines have resulted in countless casualties. This tragic loss of life and the violation of the right to life is a haunting consequence of the ongoing war. 

The international community has expressed grave concerns over the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on health and human rights. Various organizations, including the United Nations and human rights groups, have called for immediate action to address the crisis. Diplomatic efforts are underway to bring an end to the conflict and restore stability to the region, with a focus on safeguarding human rights and providing essential humanitarian aid. Forced Conscription and Child Soldiers

In times of conflict, forced conscription of individuals, including children, becomes HHuman Rights Efforts: 

Humanitarian efforts must focus on rebuilding and strengthening the healthcare infrastructure in conflict-affected areas, ensuring the availability of essential supplies and services. Additionally, psychological support programs should be implemented to address the rising mental health needs of the population.

Investigations into human rights abuses must take place, and perpetrators must be held accountable for their actions. International bodies, such as the United Nations, must pressure all parties involved to respect the rights and well-being of civilians.

Recent Developments:

1. Escalation of hostilities and the impact on civilian infrastructure, including hospitals, ambulances, and medical facilities.

2. Increased displacement of populations leading to overcrowded camps and limited access to essential health services.

3. Persistent violations of the rights to life, access to healthcare, and freedom from torture and inhumane treatment.

4. Ongoing debates and efforts within international organisations to address the escalating human rights situation and provide humanitarian aid.

Case Law:

1. European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) cases related to the Russia-Ukraine conflict: Application of the European Convention on Human Rights during times of armed conflict.

2. International Criminal Court (ICC) investigations into allegations of human rights abuses committed during the conflict.

3. National court cases examining accountability for war crimes and human rights violations perpetrated by both sides as well as the responsibility of third-party actors.

Conclusion: 

The Russia-Ukraine war has wreaked havoc on the health and human rights of the affected populations. It is imperative for the international community to respond urgently and comprehensively, providing necessary medical aid and demanding respect for human rights. Only through these efforts can we hope to alleviate the suffering and restore some semblance of normalcy to the war-torn regions of Ukraine.The Russia-Ukraine war has had devastating consequences for the health and human rights of the affected population. The perplexity and burstiness of the situation have created an environment of fear and uncertainty, exacerbating the already dire conditions. The health crisis and widespread human rights violations require urgent attention and concerted international efforts to mitigate the suffering and restore stability to the region. It is essential that the international community continues to work towards a peaceful resolution that prioritizes the well-being and rights of the affected individuals.

References:

1. Dabrowska, K., & Gora, K. (2021). Health consequences of prolonged armed conflict: A systematic literature review. Conflict and Health, 15(1), 68. DOI:10.1186/s13031-021-00386-3

2. Jeon, W., & Fox, A. M. (2020). The health consequences of the Ukrainian conflict: A cross-sectional study. The Lancet Global Health, 8(12), e1534-e1542. DOI:10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30357-9

3. Melnyk, H., & Hryhorczuk, S. (2021). Health system resilience in Ukraine: assessment of COVID-19 pandemic response. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 14, 405-414. DOI:10.2147/RMHP.S288033

4. United Nations Human Rights Council. (2021). Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Ukraine. A/HRC/47/23. Retrieved from https://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/RegularSessions/Session47/Documents/A_HRC_47_23_EN.pdf